Instrument-Cluster_Bench_Backside.JPG

Back side of rebuilt cluster on test bench.  Note added integral lamp harness for factory clock or tachometer.  Also note orange dots on lamp sockets with matching dots on PCB to aid in easy service for directional LEDs.

Also note yellow tape on charge lamp.  This used to indicate incandescent bulb used which is required for standard alternators to ensure adequate resistance to enable field coils to energize.  The LED, being a diode, also does not allow bi-directional current flow, which is needed for correct charge state monitoring.